{"id":120466,"date":"2016-12-07T18:16:38","date_gmt":"2016-12-07T18:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/magazine\/?p=120466"},"modified":"2025-06-03T09:51:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T13:51:02","slug":"london-history-famous-buildings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/magazine\/discover\/london-history-famous-buildings\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Buildings That Define the City of London"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"immersive_panel_1\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block quote-below\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>Why are 10 million visitors from around the world drawn each year to the City of London? The compact area around <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/towerbridge\/\">Four Seasons Hotel London at Tower Bridge<\/a> offers unmatched access to the past, present and future of England.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_2\" class=\"pull-quote body-block-tweetable-quote  has-border\">\n<p>Over two millennia, innumerable important buildings were erected that tell the evolving, three-dimensional story of London.                            <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_3\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>The City of London is London in miniature, but also on its grandest scale. Within the streets and alleyways of the Square Mile, as it\u2019s often called, lie many of London\u2019s most intriguing and historic buildings.<\/p>\n<p>The City today encompasses much the same area and shape as the city the Romans founded after their conquest of Britain in AD 43. The River Thames \u2013 wider and shallower then \u2013 was narrow enough here to bridge, but deep enough to allow ships to come and go from the coast, making it the perfect spot for a trading post. Londinium, as the Roman city was named, rose along the river\u2019s northern banks; it was a commercial and connected city from day one.<\/p>\n<p>Over two millennia, innumerable important buildings were erected: public spaces, places of worship, grand private houses, banks, offices. Here are 10 of the best, whose stones \u2013 and glass and steel \u2013 tell the evolving, three-dimensional story of London.<\/p>\n<h2>Roman Amphitheatre | AD 70<\/h2>\n<h4>Where it began<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_4\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ampitheater_640x741.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ampitheater_640x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Old outline of a Roman ampitheater\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ampitheater_640x741.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ampitheater_640x741-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">Guildhall Yard was built on the site of the Roman city&#8217;s amphitheatre. Today, a subterranean display gives an evocative impression of the amphitheatre&#8217;s scale, and its outlines are traced above ground in the paving of Guildhall Yard.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_121035\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_121035\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_121035\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2Fampitheater_640x741.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"immersive_panel_5_ad\" class=\"section-ad-unit\">\n<div id='fs_magazine_300x250_secondary' style=\"width:300px;margin:auto;\"><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_6\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>The City of London stands directly above the site of Londinium, and many Roman structures have been unearthed \u2013 some more recently than others. The site of the city\u2019s\u00a0amphitheatre was unknown until 1988, when excavations for the new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cityoflondon.gov.uk\/things-to-do\/visit-the-city\/attractions\/guildhall-galleries\/Pages\/guildhall-art-gallery.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Guildhall Art Gallery<\/a> uncovered two sections of curved stone wall, 6 metres below Guildhall Yard. Investigation revealed that the amphitheatre was originally built in AD 70, and that it was extended in the second century to seat around 6,000 spectators, who would have watched gladiatorial contests and other public events there.<\/p>\n<h2>Tower of London | 1100<\/h2>\n<h4>Power and might<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_7\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image large-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TowerofLondon_970x540.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TowerofLondon_970x540.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Tower of London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TowerofLondon_970x540.jpg 970w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TowerofLondon_970x540-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TowerofLondon_970x540-768x428.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">Begun in 1066 and completed in 1100, the Tower of London served as an assertion of Norman might and protection over the city.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120492\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120492\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120492\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F11%2FTowerofLondon_970x540.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_8\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>After the Romans retreated in the early 400s, the City seems to have been largely abandoned. Though King Alfred initiated repair of the Roman walls in 886, it wasn\u2019t until Britain was conquered by the Normans in 1066 that the City regained its importance, signified by the construction of the central castle keep of the tower of London.<\/p>\n<p>A royal residence and military stronghold, the keep is still the heart of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hrp.org.uk\/tower-of-london\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tower of London<\/a>. And though much of it was restored in the 1800s, the chapel of St John on the first floor remains the finest example in the country of Anglo-Norman architecture at its purest and most powerful.<\/p>\n<h2>St Bartholomew the Great | 1123<\/h2>\n<h4>Divine inspiration<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_9\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/stBarth_640x741.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/stBarth_640x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"St Bartholomew the Great\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/stBarth_640x741.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/stBarth_640x741-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">St Bartholomew the Great is all that is left of the much larger 12th-century church.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120797\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120797\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120797\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2FstBarth_640x741.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_10\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>The City today may be synonymous with banks, but in the Middle Ages it\u00a0was dominated by religious institutions, such as the Augustinian priory and hospital of St Bartholomew. The hospital, known simply as Barts, was founded in 1123 by one of King Henry I\u2019s courtiers and still exists on its original site.<\/p>\n<p>Across the road, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.greatstbarts.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">St Bartholomew the Great<\/a> is all that remains of a once much larger church. Its interior \u2013 which you may recognize from the film <em>Four Weddings and a Funeral<\/em> \u2013 is wonderfully atmospheric, with its original Norman arches and internal oriel window. The five pre-Reformation bells in the tower are still rung for some Sunday services \u2013 London\u2019s oldest man-made sounds.<\/p>\n<h2>The Monument | 1677<\/h2>\n<h4>Tragedy and renewal<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_11\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4946_640x791.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4946_640x791.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"The Monument in London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4946_640x791.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4946_640x791-243x300.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">At the summit of the Monument, which commemorates the Great Fire of London, sits a gilded sculpture of a flaming urn.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120474\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120474\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120474\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F11%2F4946_640x791.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_12\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>The Great Fire of London in 1666 was the largest single catastrophe in the City\u2019s history, but out of the ruins rose many of its finest buildings. Chief among these are the churches rebuilt under the direction of Sir Christopher Wren, who designed St Paul\u2019s Cathedral and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.themonument.info\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Monument<\/a>, the 62-metre fluted Doric column that commemorates the Great Fire. Metres from where the conflagration began, it is built of creamy white Portland stone and contains an open spiral staircase with 311 steps that lead to a viewing platform.<\/p>\n<h2>Drapers\u2019 Hall | 1772<\/h2>\n<h4>Economy and social structure<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_13\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4356_640x741.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4356_640x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Exterior of Drapers\u2019 Hall in London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4356_640x741.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4356_640x741-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">Drapers\u2019 Hall is unusual in standing on its own private, gated road, Throgmorton Avenue, built in the 1870s and complete with a quiet garden.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120835\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120835\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120835\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2F4356_640x741.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_14\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>London\u2019s medieval professions were organized into guilds. Though their original trade-union purposes generally have been superseded, a surprising number of guilds have survived, and their guildhalls are among the City\u2019s most rewarding secrets. The Drapers\u2019 Company bought the site of its present hall from Henry VIII in 1543 but rebuilt in 1667 after the Great Fire \u2013 though that work has been hidden behind later Georgian- and Victorian-era alterations.<\/p>\n<h2>Leadenhall Market | 1881<\/h2>\n<h4>Public life and commerce<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_15\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4939_640x791.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4939_640x791.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Leadenhall Market in London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4939_640x791.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/4939_640x791-243x300.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">An attractive example of Victorian architecture, Leadenhall Market was designed by Sir Horace Jones, whose most recognized work is Tower Bridge.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120473\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120473\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120473\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F11%2F4939_640x791.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_16\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>Tucked behind the futuristic Lloyd\u2019s building, Leadenhall Market is one of London\u2019s most attractive remaining bits of Victoriana. The buildings date from 1881, but there has been a general market on this site since 1445. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cityoflondon.gov.uk\/things-to-do\/leadenhall-market\/Pages\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leadenhall Market<\/a> occupies a historic site on the summit of one of the two low hills of Londinium; beneath it lie remains of the Roman forum, including the lower courses of an arch that can be seen in the basement of Nicholson &#038; Griffin\u2019s barbershop on the corner of Gracechurch Street.<\/p>\n<h2>Ten Trinity Square | 1922<\/h2>\n<h4>Connection to the world<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_17\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/tentrinity_full_640x740.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/tentrinity_full_640x740.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Exterior of Four Seasons Hotel London at Ten Trinity Square\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/tentrinity_full_640x740.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/tentrinity_full_640x740-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">Completed in 1922, the Beaux Arts building that today houses Four Seasons Hotel London at Tower Bridge has been meticulously restored to preserve many design details.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120812\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120812\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120812\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2Ftentrinity_full_640x740.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_18\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>The Port of London Authority was formed in 1909 to run all the docks of London, then the largest seaport in the world, and to be responsible for the River Thames from Teddington to the ocean. Its splendid headquarters \u2013 today home to the new <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/towerbridge\/\">Four Seasons Hotel London at Tower Bridge<\/a> \u2013 was designed by Sir Edwin Cooper and built between 1912 and 1922.<\/p>\n<p>A Grade II* landmark on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, the building\u2019s great tower features a statue of Old Father Thames, who points downriver to the source of London\u2019s trade. The reception of the first general assembly of the United Nations, held in 1946, was hosted here in what is now known as the UN Ballroom, and was attended by (among others) King Faisal of Saudi Arabia and U.S. first lady Eleanor Roosevelt.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_19\" class=\"body-block body-cta large-body-media body-block-cta-small-body\">\n<div class=\"body-cta-container\">\n<div class=\"cta-text-container\">\n<h3>Four Seasons Hotel London at Tower Bridge<\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"cta-btn-container\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/towerbridge\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-small\">Check Rates &#038; Availability <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_20\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<h2>The Barbican | 1969<\/h2>\n<h4>Rubble and reinvention<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_21\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4894_640x741.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4894_640x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"The Barbican in London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4894_640x741.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/4894_640x741-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">The Barbican&#8217;s Brutalist concrete style divided critics even before the complex&#8217;s completion in 1969.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120836\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120836\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120836\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2F4894_640x741.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_22\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>December 29, 1940, was one of the worst nights of the London Blitz. In 1958, the City Corporation bought 35 acres that had been destroyed that night, and commissioned Chamberlin, Powell and Bon to design a massive complex: more than 2,000 apartments in residential blocks and three 40-storey brutalist-style towers. Though many considered it overbearing, it has acquired fans, as well as a noteworthy performing arts centre \u2013 the largest of its kind in Europe \u2013 and is now one of London\u2019s most desirable addresses.<\/p>\n<h2>The Lloyd\u2019s Building | 1986<\/h2>\n<h4>Business and innovation<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_23\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image small-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/lloyd_640x741.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/lloyd_640x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"The Lloyd\u2019s Building in London\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/lloyd_640x741.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/lloyd_640x741-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">The Lloyd&#8217;s Building features an &#8220;inside-out&#8221; design, with building services like plumbing and wiring housed on the exterior.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120804\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120804\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120804\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2Flloyd_640x741.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_24\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>Starting small at Edward Lloyd\u2019s coffee house in the 1680s, London\u2019s maritime insurance market gradually evolved into the giant Lloyd\u2019s of London. In 1986 it moved into its fourth and largest building, designed by architect Richard Rogers using a modular system for future flexibility. This inside-out approach, with a concrete frame clad in glass and stainless steel, was revolutionary. In 2011, it became the youngest building ever to be given Grade I status, putting it on a list of protected monuments that includes St Paul\u2019s Cathedral.<\/p>\n<h2>Bloomberg London | 2020<\/h2>\n<h4>Past and future in harmony<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_25\" class=\"body-block body-block-single-image large-body-media\">\n<div class=\"fs-image\">\n<div class=\"fs-image-container\">\n                <picture class=\"article-title-image\">\n        <!--[if IE 9]><video style=\"display: none;\"><![endif]--><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/barbican_970x540.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\"><!--[if IE 9]><\/video><![endif]--><br \/>\n        <img   src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/barbican_970x540.jpg\" class=\"attachment-mobile_large size-mobile_large\" alt=\"Bloomberg London Architectural Detail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/barbican_970x540.jpg 970w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/barbican_970x540-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/barbican_970x540-768x428.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/>    <\/picture>\n<div class=\"caption\">\n<div class=\"caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"image-block-caption image-caption\">Bloomberg London&#8217;s exterior is defined by English sandstone and polished bronze fins, which shade the windows and channel fresh air inside.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"byline\">\n<p class=\"image-block-credit image-credit\">Photography courtesy Martin Morrell<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"asset-share element-share\">\n            <button class=\"btn btn-share collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#image_share_120794\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"image_share_120794\"><br \/>\n                <span class=\"icon-share icon-share-arrow\"> <span class=\"share-text\">Share<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/button><\/p>\n<ul id=\"image_share_120794\" class=\"collapse share-options\" >\n<li><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-twitter\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fourseasons.com%2Fmagazine%2Fmagazine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2Fbarbican_970x540.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"icon-share icon-pinterest\"><\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_26\" class=\"body-block text-block body-block-article-content-block\">\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/company\/london\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Bloomberg\u2019s European headquarters<\/a>, begun in 2010 and set to open by 2020, will have 4,600 desk spaces and cover 3.2 acres. Designed by Sir Norman Foster + Partners, two 10-storey blocks are separated by an internal street that follows the line of a Roman road. The massive structure is supported by thousands of piles and clad in English sandstone and innovative polished bronze fins.<\/p>\n<p>Underneath lie the remains of a Roman temple, circa AD 240, to be reconstructed in the basement on its original site, putting one of London\u2019s oldest buildings inside one of its newest \u2013 and bringing our story almost back to where it began.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"immersive_panel_27\" class=\"body-block large-body-media body-block-cta-large-body text-class\">\n<div class=\"large-body-cta-container\">\n<div class=\"section-head\">\n<h2 class=\"section-title\">YOUR JOURNEY BEGINS HERE<\/h2>\n<p>Start planning your historic stroll through the Square Mile.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<picture class=\"cta-image\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI-1024x389.jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\"><img width=\"970\" height=\"369\" src=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI-1024x389.jpeg\" class=\"\" alt=\"Statue on building\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI-1024x389.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI-300x114.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI-768x292.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/fsmag-ecs.paceinteractive.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/TRI.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/>            <\/picture>\n<div class=\"cta-selector-container\">\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"cta-outer-shell\">\n<div class=\"cta-selector dropdown cta-large-selection\">\n<p>                        <select name = \"select_destination\" id = \"select_destination\" class=\"destination_select\" style=\"padding: 11px;\"><br \/>\n                                                        <optgroup label=\"Europe\"><option value=\"https:\/\/www.fourseasons.com\/towerbridge\/\"  selected=\"selected\"  >London at Tower Bridge<\/option><\/select>\n                    <\/div>\n<p>                    <button class=\"large-cta-btn btn btn-primary btn-main selection-confirm\" id=\"destination_change\">Explore<\/button>\n                <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <script>\n        $(function () {\n            \/\/ Dropdown menu control\n            \/\/ Listen for changes in the dropdown and updated the property image accordingly\n            $(\"#immersive_panel_27 .dropdown-menu li a\").click(function (e) {\n                \/\/ prevent default behaviors\n                e.preventDefault();<\/p>\n<p>                \/\/ change backrgound image\n                var propertyImage = $(this).data('image');\n                var container = $(this).closest('.large-body-cta-container');\n                container.find('picture.cta-image source').attr('srcset', propertyImage);\n                container.find('picture.cta-image img').attr('src', propertyImage);<\/p>\n<p>                var propertyShortTitle = $(this).text();<\/p>\n<p>                \/\/ swap out the image\n                $(\"#immersive_panel_27 .btn:first-child\").text(propertyShortTitle).append('<span class=\"icon-chevron-down\"><\/span>');\n                $(\"#immersive_panel_27 .btn:first-child\").val(propertyShortTitle);\n                $('#immersive_panel_27 .btn-main').attr('href', this.href);\n            });\n        });\n    <\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the streets around Four Seasons Hotel London at Ten Trinity Square, a handful of structures speak to the evolution of this iconic city.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":120795,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1042,233,1467],"tags":[278,602],"class_list":["post-120466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art-culture","category-discover","category-culture-style","tag-architecture","tag-history","post_format-post-format-image","destination-four-seasons-hotel-london-at-tower-bridge"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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